tuhin4u (Unstopable Lover + Mariana World DIAMOND member): Indium tin oxide (ITO) is commonly used as the anode material. It is transparent to visible light and has a high work function which promotes injection of holes into the HOMO level of the organic layer. A typical conductive layer may consist of PEDOT: PSS as the HOMO level of this material generally lies between the workfunction of ITO and the HOMO of other commonly used polymers, reducing the energy barriers for hole injection. *
05-10-14 - 05:20:27

tuhin4u (Unstopable Lover + Mariana World DIAMOND member): Metals such as barium and calcium are often used for the cathode as they have low work functions which promote injection of electrons into the LUMO of the organic layer. Such metals are reactive, so they require a capping layer of aluminium to avoid degradation. *
05-10-14 - 05:21:25

tuhin4u (Unstopable Lover + Mariana World DIAMOND member): Efficient OLEDs using small molecules were first developed by Dr. Ching W. Tang et al. at Eastman Kodak. The term OLED traditionally refers specifically to this type of device, though the term SM- OLED is also in use. *
05-10-14 - 05:22:52

tuhin4u (Unstopable Lover + Mariana World DIAMOND member): Molecules commonly used in OLEDs include organometallic chelates (for example Alq3, used in the organic light- emitting device reported by Tang et al.), fluorescent and phosphorescent dyes and conjugated dendrimers. A number of materials are used for their charge transport properties, for example triphenylamine and derivatives are commonly used as materials for hole transport layers. *
05-10-14 - 05:24:05

tuhin4u (Unstopable Lover + Mariana World DIAMOND member): Fluorescent dyes can be chosen to obtain light emission at different wavelengths, and compounds such as perylene, rubrene and quinacridone derivatives are often used. Alq3 has been used as a green emitter, electron transport material and as a host for yellow and red emitting dyes. *
05-10-14 - 05:25:12